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Aicher, Otl [1922-1991. Germany. Graphic Designer/Typographer]

Otl Aicher [also known as Otto Aicher] was born in Ulm, Germany, on 13 May 1922. He was a fierce opponent of the National Socialists in Germany and refused to join the Hitler Youth. He studied sculpture at the Akademie der Bildenden Künste in Munich (1946-47), before returning to Ulm where, in 1948, he established his own graphic design studio. Notable among his projects included posters for the Volkhochschule in Ulm (1946-52); the design and layout of the Düsseldorf sunday newspaper 'Allgemeine Sontagszeitung' (1956); the design of the magazine 'Stuttgarter Gardinen' (1956); a corporate identity program for Firma Clima (1960); a corporate identity program for the airline Lufthansa (1962-64); a corporate graphics for the Westdeutsche Landesbank (1964-75); A logo for Lufthansa (1969); a signage scheme for Frankfurt Airport (1967-70); the direction of the graphics program for the XX Olympiad in Munich, for which he designed the mascot (1972); a corporate identity program for the Bayerische Ruchversicherung (1972-75); an advertising campaign for the Gastein Valley in Austria (1974); the design of the BMW house magazine 'PR' (from 1975); a corporate identity program for König Pilsner (1975-76); a graphics scheme for the lighting firm Erco (1975-77); a corporate identity program for Sutex Textil Verband (1977-78); and identity and signage scheme for Krupp Hospital in Essen, Germany (1978-79); a signage system for Isny, Germany (c.1983); the design of the exhibition 'The Car' at the Boilerhouse Project, Victoria & Albert Museum in London (1985); the design of books published by Ian Lambert (c.1988); a corporate identity program the for Westphalia-based builders' hardware manufacturers Brakel FSB (1988); and a graphic design scheme for the Metro de Bibao (1989-90). Aicher, together with Max Bill and Inge Scholl (whom he married in 1952) was co-founder of the Hochschule für Gestaltung (HfG), Ulm in 1949. He subsequently taught at the HfG (1949-54) and was its vice-chancellor (1962-64). He also lectured at Yal;e University in New Haven, Connecticut (1958) and elsewhere. He was the author of several books and numerous articles on the theory and practice of design and typography. Solo exhibitions of Aicher's work were held at the Museu de Arte Modern in Rio de Janeiro, the Ulm Museum, the Museum of Modern Art, New York, and at Yale University. Among awards received by Aicher First prize at the European Typography Competition in Innsbruck, Austria (1958), and first prize in the 4th International Design Awatrds in Osaka, Japan (1989. He died in Günzberg [or Rotis über Leutkirch - sources differ], Germany, 1 September 1991.

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